Ophthalmic lens having morphed sinusoidal phase shift structures

ABSTRACT

An ophthalmic lens includes an optic comprising an anterior surface, a posterior surface, and an optical axis. At least one of the anterior surface and the posterior surface has a surface profile including a base curvature and a plurality of morphed sinusoidal phase shift structures. The base curvature may correspond to a base optical power of the ophthalmic lens, and the morphed sinusoidal phase shift structures may be configured to extend depth of focus of the ophthalmic lens at intermediate or near viewing distances.

PRIORITY CLAIM

This application is a continuation of U.S. Non-Provisional applicationSer. No. 16/043,457 filed Jul. 24, 2018 and claims the benefit ofpriority of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 62/536,044titled “OPHTHALMIC LENS HAVING MORPHED SINUSOIDAL PHASE SHIFTSTRUCTURES,” filed on Jul. 24, 2017, whose inventors are Xin Hong,William Andrew Maxwell and Xin Wei, both of which are herebyincorporated by reference in its entirety as though fully and completelyset forth herein.

FIELD

This present disclosure relates generally ophthalmic lenses and, moreparticularly, to ophthalmic lenses having extended depth of focus toincrease pseudo-accommodation for intermediate and near vision.

BACKGROUND

Cataract surgery is one of the most common ophthalmic surgeries andinvolves the replacement of the cataractous crystalline lens with anartificial intraocular lens (IOL). Typically, a monofocal intraocularlens (with a fixed focal length) is placed in the capsular bag toprovide the best distance vision. While patients implanted withmonofocal IOLs have good distance vision, quality of vision atintermediate and near is often insufficient to support activities ofdaily living. Specifically, a good continuous range of vision at nearhas become increasingly significant to patients because of daily tasksrelated to computers, mobile devices and other technologic advances.Accordingly, there is a need for an IOL, as well as contact lenses, toprovide an extended and continuous range of functional vision atintermediate/near viewing distances.

SUMMARY

The present disclosure generally concerns multifocal ophthalmic lenses(e.g., IOLs, rigid and soft contact lenses, etc.) that provide bothsatisfactory distance vision and that extend the depth-of-focus at arange of intermediate to near viewing distances. In certain embodiments,an ophthalmic lens includes an optic comprising an anterior surface, aposterior surface, and an optical axis. At least one of the anteriorsurface and the posterior surface comprise a surface profile including abase curvature and a morphed sinusoidal phase shift (MSPS) structure.The base curvature may correspond to a base optical power of theophthalmic lens, and the morphed sinusoidal phase shift structure may beconfigured to extend depth of focus of the ophthalmic lens atintermediate or near viewing distances and may comprise morphedsinusoidal phase shift zones.

In certain variants, the morphed sinusoidal phase shift structures areconfigured to extend depth of focus at intermediate or near viewingdistances in the range of 30-55 cm or 33-50 cm.

The surface profile of the lens may be defined as:Z _(optic) =Z _(base) +Z _(MSPS)wherein Z_(base) defines the surface profile of the base curvature andZ_(MSPS) defines the plurality of morphed sinusoidal phase shiftstructures.

Further, Z_(base) may be defined as

${Z_{base}(r)} = {\frac{{cr}^{2}}{1 + \sqrt{1 - {\left( {1 + k} \right)c^{2}r^{2}}}} + {a_{2}r^{2}} + {a_{4}r^{4}} + {a_{6}r^{6}} + {a_{8}r^{8}} + {a_{10}r^{10}} + {a_{n}r^{n}\mspace{14mu}\ldots} + {a_{n}r^{n}}}$where r denotes a radial distance from the optical axis, c denotes abase curvature of the surface, k denotes a conic constant, and a₂, a₄,and a₆ are, respectively, second, fourth, and sixth order coefficients.

Additionally, Z_(MPSS) may be defined as:

${{Z_{MSPS}(r)} = {M_{i}\frac{T_{i}^{P}}{\pi}\left( {1 - {\cos\left( {\frac{r - R_{i}}{T_{i}^{P}}\pi} \right)}} \right)}},{R_{i} \leq r < {R_{i} + T_{i}^{P}}}$${{Z_{MSPS}(r)} = {M_{i}\frac{T_{i}^{P}}{\pi}\left( {1 - {\cos\left( {{\frac{r - R_{i} - T_{i}^{P}}{R_{i + 1} - R_{i} - T_{i}^{P}}\pi} + \pi} \right)}} \right)}},{{R_{i} + T_{i}^{P}} \leq r < R_{i + 1}}$where r denotes a radial distance from the optical axis, R_(i) andR_(i+1) are the starting and ending radial positions of each zone, M_(i)are step heights of each zone, T_(i) ^(P) are the critical points withineach zone, and i indicates zone numbers.

In certain embodiments, the present disclosure may provide one or moretechnical advantages. For example, embodiments of the disclosure combinea base monofocal aspheric curvature with a morphed sinusoidal phaseshift structure to provide an extended range of functional vision atnear and/or intermediate distances, while maintaining distance visualacuity and a safety profile similar to that of a typical monofocal lens.Using morphed sinusoidal phase shift structures may eliminatediscontinuous diffractive structures and small aperture or pinholeeffects found in conventional EDF designs. Accordingly, embodiments mayenable patients to enjoy visual range superior to conventional EDF ormonofocal designs with fewer visual disturbances, reduced loss of light,and greater efficiency.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

For a more complete understanding of the present disclosure and theadvantages thereof, reference is now made to the following descriptiontaken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which likereference numerals indicate like features and wherein:

FIGS. 1A-1B illustrate an example embodiment of an extended depth offocus IOL having morphed sinusoidal phase shift structures, according tocertain embodiments;

FIG. 2 illustrates an exemplary surface sag plot of a base monofocaloptic;

FIG. 3 illustrates an example of added surface sag resulting frommultiple morphed sinusoidal phase shift structures on an optic;

FIGS. 4A and 4B illustrate characteristics of an optic, according tocertain embodiments;

FIGS. 5A and 5B illustrate characteristics of an optic, according tocertain embodiments; and

FIGS. 6A and 6B illustrate characteristics of an optic, according tocertain embodiments.

One skilled in the art will understand that the drawings, describedbelow, are for illustration purposes only, and not intended to limit thescope of the disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The present disclosure generally concerns ophthalmic lenses (e.g., IOLsand contact lenses) that provide both satisfactory distance vision andextended depth-of-focus at ranges in intermediate to near viewingdistances. More particularly, embodiments of the present disclosureprovide an ophthalmic lens such as an IOL or contact lens having (1) amono-focal aspheric lens to partially or completely correct patient'slower-order and/or higher-order aberrations at distances and (2) morphedsinusoidal phase shift (MSPS) structures added on anterior and/orposterior lens surfaces to extend the depth-of-focus at a range ofintermediate-near viewing distances. Such MSPS-enhanced lens designs mayprovide an extended and continuous range of functional vision atintermediate/near viewing distances (e.g., from 50 cm to 33 cm) whilemaintaining distance visual acuity and a safety profile similar to thatof a monofocal lens.

FIGS. 1A-1B illustrates an example embodiment of an IOL 100 havingextended depth of focus for intermediate-near vision, according tocertain embodiments. IOL 100 includes an optic 102 having an anteriorsurface 104 and a posterior surface 106 that are disposed about anoptical axis 108. Optic 102 may be convex on both sides (biconvex) andmade of a soft plastic that can be folded prior to insertion, allowingplacement through an incision smaller than the optic diameter of thelens. IOL 100 may further include a plurality of haptics 110 generallyoperable to position and stabilize IOL 100 within the capsular bag of apatient's eye. Although haptics 110 having a particular structure areillustrated in FIG. 1 , the present disclosure contemplates haptics 110having any suitable shape and structure for stabilizing IOL 100 withinthe capsular bag, the ciliary sulcus, or any other suitable locationwithin the eye.

The anterior surface 104 (or, in other embodiments, posterior surface106) of optic 102 may have a base curvature corresponding to a baseoptical power of the IOL 100. The base optical power of IOL 100typically corresponds to the distance vision of the patient. However,this is not required. For example, a non-dominant eye may have an IOLwith a base optical power is slightly less than the correspondingdistance power for the patient to improve overall binocular vision forboth eyes. In certain embodiments, the base curvature may be aspheric.It is noted that, although the figures illustrate anterior surface 104of optic 102 as having a particular surface profiles, features, andcharacteristics, the present disclosure contemplates that profiles,features, and characteristics may additionally or alternatively belocated on posterior surface 106 of optic 102. Further, although thedisclosed examples primarily discuss an aspheric monofocal base lens,the MSPS structures described herein may be combined with other baselens profiles. Accordingly, the disclosure is not limited to asphericmonofocal optics, but includes other variants which would becontemplated by one skilled in the art.

In addition to a base curvature, the anterior surface 104 (or, in otherembodiments, posterior surface 106) of optic 102 may include a pluralityof regions. For example, anterior surface 104 may include a MSPS region112, which may extend from the optical axis 108 to a first radialboundary, and a refractive region 114, which may extend from the firstradial boundary to a second radial boundary (e.g., the edge of the optic102). Although anterior surface 104 of optic 102 is depicted anddescribed as having two regions (MSPS region 112 and refractive region114), the present disclosure contemplates that anterior surface 104 orposterior surface 106 of optic 102 may include a surface profile havingany suitable number of regions. As just one example, anterior surface104 could alternatively include a surface profile having two refractiveregions separated by a diffractive region.

MSPS region 112 may comprise a morphed sinusoidal phase shift (MSPS)structure 116 having a plurality of MSPS features 118 (also known aszones). As described in detail below, the MSPS structure 116 may beadded to a base curvature of a monofocal aspheric optic 102 to form anIOL which may provide pseudophakic patients with satisfying distancevision and continuous range of vision correction from intermediate tonear distances (e.g., from 2D-3D, 1.5D-2.5D, 1.5D-3.0D).

The surfaces of an MSPS-enhanced optic 102 may be describedmathematically. In particular, optic 102 may comprise a base asphericmono-focal lens that corrects a patient's lower and/or higheraberrations at a distance and may have particular sag profile. Sag is anindication of the z-component of the displacement of the optical surfacefrom the vertex at a radial distance r from the optical axis. Theanterior and posterior surface sag profiles for the base lens (Z_(base))of optic 102 can be described according to Equation (1):

$\begin{matrix}{{Z_{base}(r)} = {\frac{{cr}^{2}}{1 + \sqrt{1 - {\left( {1 + k} \right)c^{2}r^{2}}}} + {a_{2}r^{2}} + {a_{4}r^{4}} + {a_{6}r^{6}} + {a_{8}r^{8}} + {a_{10}r^{10}} + \cdots + {a_{n}r^{n}}}} & {{Eq}.\mspace{14mu}(1)}\end{matrix}$

Wherein,

-   -   r denotes a radial distance from the optical axis;    -   c denotes a base curvature of the surface;    -   k denotes a conic constant;    -   as is a second order deformation constant;    -   a₄ is a fourth order deformation constant;    -   a₆ is a sixth order deformation constant.    -   a₈ is a eighth order deformation constant; and    -   a₁₀ is a tenth order deformation constant.

FIG. 2 is a surface sag plot based on Equation (1). The curvature ofanterior and posterior surfaces may be optimized such that the base lenscorrects defocus of the patient's eye. Moreover, the conic constant (k)and higher-order coefficients (e.g., a₂, a₄, a₆, a₈ . . . ) can beadjusted to yield different levels of spherical aberration for thedesign of optic 102. Such spherical aberration, when combined with thecorneal spherical aberration of an individual patient or an averagepatient population, can provide patients with optimal distance visioncorrection.

To extend depth of focus of the base lens at intermediate-neardistances, a MSPS structure 116 comprising as plurality of MSPS zones116 may be added to either anterior surface 104 or posterior surface 106of optic 102. The anterior or posterior surface sag profiles added bythe MSPS structure (Zack) can be described according to Equation (2):

$\begin{matrix}{{{{Z_{MPSS}(r)} = {M_{i}\frac{T_{i}^{P}}{\pi}\left( {1 - {\cos\left( {\frac{r - R_{i}}{T_{i}^{P}}\pi} \right)}} \right)}},{R_{i} \leq r < {R_{i} + T_{i}^{P}}}}{{{Z_{MPSS}(r)} = {M_{i}\frac{T_{i}^{P}}{\pi}\left( {1 - {\cos\left( {{\frac{r - R_{i} - T_{i}^{P}}{R_{i + 1} - R_{i} - T_{i}^{P}}\pi} + \pi} \right)}} \right)}},{{R_{i} + T_{i}^{P}} \leq r < R_{i + 1}}}} & {{Eq}.\mspace{14mu}(2)}\end{matrix}$

Wherein,

-   -   r denotes a radial distance from the optical axis;    -   R_(i) and R_(i+1) are the starting and ending radial positions        of each zone;    -   M_(i) are step heights of each zone;    -   T_(i) ^(P) are the critical points within each zone;    -   i indicates zone numbers i=0, 1, 2, 3 . . . .

FIG. 3 plots an example of added surface sag based on Equation (2). Ascan be seen in the curve on the left side of FIG. 3 , a first sinusoidalphase shift zone 310 (i=0) spans from R₀ to R₁. M₀ is the step height ofzone 310 and T₀ ^(P) is the critical point corresponding to the radialdistance of the peak of zone 310 (at point M₀) from R₀. A secondsinusoidal phase shift zone 320 (i=1) spans from R₁ to R₂. M₁ is thestep height of zone 320 and T₁ ^(P) is the critical point correspondingto the radial distance of the peak of zone 320 (at point M₁) from R₁.This pattern continues in an analogous manner for additional zones.

The total sag of optic 102 (Z_(optic)) is a combination of base surfacesag Z_(base) with morphed sinusoidal phase shift structure 116 describedby Z_(MPSS) and may be described according to Equation (3) below:Z _(optic) =Z _(base) +Z _(MSPS)  Eq. (3)

Accordingly, a variety of improved optical designs may be developed byadding a MSPS structure to an aspheric monofocal base lens. In oneexample, morphed MSPS 116 comprises seven MSPS zones (i=0-6) as shown inTable 1, below:

TABLE 1 Zone No. (i) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 R_(i+1) − R_(i) (mm) 0.56 0.39 0.350.46 0.39 0.49 0.45 T_(i) ^(P)/(R_(i+1) − R_(i)) 0.56 0.79 0.87 0.560.75 0.64 0.82 M_(i)(μm) 0.20 0.31 0.16 0.12 0.12 0.24 0.33

An optic 102 which includes a MSPS structure 116 in accordance with theparameters of Table 1 may provide extended depth of focus between 2D and3D. Optical path delay (opd, as a function of radial distance inmillimeters) and through-focus modular transfer function (MTF, as afunction of target vergence (TV(D)) curves for a 3.4 mm entrance pupil(EP) and the parameters of Table 1 are plotted in FIGS. 4A and 4B.

In another example, MSPS structure 116 comprises seven MSPS zones(i=0-6) as shown in Table 2, below:

TABLE 2 Zone No. (i) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 R_(i+1) − R_(i) (mm) 0.43 0.40 0.410.27 0.48 0.56 0.59 T_(i) ^(P)/(R_(i+1) − R_(i)) 0.81 0.64 0.51 0.660.90 0.64 0.63 M_(i)(μm) 0.25 0.15 0.14 0.28 0.25 0.22 0.29

An optic 102 which includes a MSPS structure 116 in accordance with theparameters of Table 2 may provide extended depth of focus between 2D and3D. Optical path delay (opd) and through-focus modular transfer function(MTF) curves for a 3.4 mm entrance pupil (EP) and the parameters ofTable 2 are plotted in FIGS. 5A and 5B.

In another example, MSPS structure 116 comprises seven MSPS zones(i=0-6) as shown in Table 3, below:

TABLE 3 Zone No. (i) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 R_(i+1) − R_(i) (mm) 0.56597 0.562630.55974 0.5578  0.35399 0.47423 0.59278 T_(i) ^(P)/(R_(i+1) − R_(i))0.53174 0.89869 0.72774 0.70043 0.66239 0.80014 0.50225 M_(i)(μm)0.14009 0.31403 0.12667 0.13384 0.35788 0.16124 0.39076

An optic 102 which includes a MSPS structure 116 in accordance with theparameters of Table 3 may provide extended depth of focus between 1.5Dand 2.5D. Optical path delay (opd) and through-focus modular transferfunction (MTF) curves for a 3.4 mm entrance pupil (EP) and theparameters of Table 2 are plotted in FIGS. 6A and 6B.

Accordingly, embodiments of the disclosure combine a base monofocalaspheric curvature with a MSPS structure to provide an extended range offunctional vision at near and/or intermediate distances, whilemaintaining distance visual acuity and a safety profile similar to thatof a typical monofocal IOL. Certain variants provide extended andcontinuous range of functional vision at near distances between 33 cmand 50 cm while maintaining distance visual acuity.

Combining a base aspherical monofocal lens with a MSPS structure asdescribed herein may provide numerous advantages and benefits. Forexample, the image quality of the base lens at distance may begindropping off in a well-controlled manner to an extent where the distancevision (e.g. visual acuity or contrast sensitivity) is still satisfyingto patients. Moreover, as the image quality at distance drops off, theimage quality at a range of intermediate/near defocus positions (e.g.2-3D or 1.5-2.5D) may begin to increase, enabling patients to resolvetargets at much wider focus range at intermediate/near distances.

Accordingly, while previous extended depth of focus (EDF) designstypically extend depth of focus from distance to intermediate distances,MSPS-enhanced designs described herein are capable of extending depth offocus around intermediate and near viewing distances (e.g., from 2D to3D). And compared with previous monofocal designs where vision iscorrected at two distinct points (near and far), MSPS-enhanced designsdescribed herein extend depth of focus around intermediate or nearviewing distances continuously (e.g., from 2D to 3D). As a result, thepresent disclosure addresses patient needs and benefits that are notaddressed by prior EDF or monofocal lens designs.

Moreover, the MSPS technology described herein does not rely ondiscontinuous diffractive structures used in conventional EDF IOLdesigns. By eliminating discontinuous diffractive structures (whichtypically induce visual disturbances), disclosed lens designs mayprovide improved optical performance compared with conventionaldiffractive lenses. Similarly, the presently-described MSPS technologydoes not require small aperture or pinhole effects to extend depth offocus. Hence, the improved MSPS-enhanced lens designs contemplatedherein can further improve optical performance by avoiding loss of lightand improving efficiency relative to such existing designs. In addition,extra spherical aberration can be added on either the anterior orposterior surfaces of improved lenses disclosed herein to achieveoptical distance vision at various pupil sizes, providing additionalflexibility for customization of MSPS-enhanced lenses.

It will be appreciated that various of the above-disclosed and otherfeatures and functions, or alternatives thereof, may be desirablycombined into many other different systems or applications. For example,although the above-described embodiments relate to ophthalmic lens is anIOL, one skilled in the art will appreciate that the MSPS features andtechniques described herein are also applicable to soft or rigid contactlenses. It will also be appreciated that various presently unforeseen orunanticipated alternatives, modifications, variations or improvementstherein may be subsequently made by those skilled in the art whichalternatives, variations and improvements are also intended to beencompassed by the following claims.

The invention claimed is:
 1. An ophthalmic lens, comprising an opticcomprising an anterior surface, a posterior surface, and an opticalaxis, at least one of the anterior surface and the posterior surfacehaving a surface profile including: a base curvature; and a morphedsinusoidal phase shift structure modifying the base curvature along aportion of the surface profile, wherein the morphed sinusoidal phaseshift structure comprises a plurality of morphed sinusoidal phase shiftzones, wherein each of the plurality of morphed sinusoidal phase shiftzones comprises a single sinusoidal period; wherein the surface profileis defined as:Z _(optic)(r)=Z _(base)(r)+Z _(MSPS)(r) wherein Z_(base)(r) defines thebase curvature that is aspheric; and Z_(MSPS)(r) defines the pluralityof morphed sinusoidal phase shift zones;${{Z_{MPSS}(r)} = {M_{i}\frac{T_{i}^{P}}{\pi}\left( {1 - {\cos\left( {\frac{r - R_{i}}{T_{i}^{P}}\pi} \right)}} \right)}},{R_{i} \leq r < {R_{i} + T_{i}^{P}}}$${{Z_{MPSS}(r)} = {M_{i}\frac{T_{i}^{P}}{\pi}\left( {1 - {\cos\left( {{\frac{r - R_{i} - T_{i}^{P}}{R_{i + 1} - R_{i} - T_{i}^{P}}\pi} + \pi} \right)}} \right)}},{{R_{i} + T_{i}^{P}} \leq r < R_{i + 1}}$and: r denotes a radial distance from the optical axis in units of (mm);R_(i) and R_(i+1) are starting and ending radial positions from theoptical axis of each zone in units of (mm); M_(i) are step heights ofeach zone in units of (μm); T_(i) ^(P) are critical points correspondingto a radial distance of a peak of each zone from the starting radialposition of the zone; and i indicates zone numbers i=0, 1, 2, 3 . . . ,consecutively from the optical axis.
 2. The ophthalmic lens of claim 1,wherein the morphed sinusoidal phase shift structure is configured toextend depth of focus of the ophthalmic lens as compared to anunmodified portion of the base curvature.
 3. The ophthalmic lens ofclaim 1, wherein the morphed sinusoidal phase shift structure isconfigured to extend depth of focus of the ophthalmic lens to provideintermediate or near viewing distances in the range of 30-55 cm.
 4. Theophthalmic lens of claim 1, wherein the morphed sinusoidal phase shiftstructure is configured to extend depth of focus of the ophthalmic lensto provide intermediate or near viewing distances in the range of 33-50cm.
 5. The ophthalmic lens of claim 1, wherein the morphed sinusoidalphase shift structure comprises at least seven morphed sinusoidal phaseshift zones.
 6. The ophthalmic lens of claim 1, wherein the ophthalmiclens comprises an intraocular lens.
 7. The ophthalmic lens of claim 1,wherein the ophthalmic lens comprises a contact lens.
 8. The ophthalmiclens of claim 1, wherein:${Z_{base}(r)} = {\frac{{cr}^{2}}{1 + \sqrt{1 - {\left( {1 + k} \right)c^{2}r^{2}}}} + {a_{2}r^{2}} + {a_{4}r^{4}} + {a_{6}r^{6}} + {a_{8}r^{8}} + {a_{10}r^{10}}}$and: r denotes a radial distance from the optical axis in units of (mm);c denotes a base curvature of the surface; k denotes a conic constant;a₂, a₄, a₆, a₈, and a₁₀ are, respectively, second, fourth, sixth,eighth, and tenth order coefficients.
 9. The ophthalmic lens of claim 1,wherein the morphed sinusoidal phase shift structure comprises between 4and 9 morphed sinusoidal phase shift zones.
 10. The ophthalmic lens ofclaim 1, wherein each of the plurality of morphed sinusoidal phase shiftzones comprises a step height different from a step height of anadjacent morphed sinusoidal phase shift zone.